SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2020 Volume 48 No. 1 Editor: Dr S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr J.W. SwanepoelISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2020 Volume 48 No. 1 Editor: Dr S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr J.W. SwanepoelISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2020 Volume 48 No. 1 Editor: Dr S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr J.W. SwanepoelISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL

SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019 Volume 47 No. 4 Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché ISSN 0301-603X ISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019 Volume 47 No. 4 Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché ISSN 0301-603X ISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019 Volume 47 No. 4 Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché ISSN 0301-603X ISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr.

SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019 Volume 47 No. 3 Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché ISSN 0301-603X ISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019 Volume 47 No. 3 Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché ISSN 0301-603X ISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019 Volume 47 No. 3 Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché ISSN 0301-603X ISSN Electronic 2413-3221 THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr.

SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2019
Volume 47 No. 2
Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché
ISSN 0301-603X
ISSN Electronic 2413-3221

THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Dr. S. E. Terblanché (Editor) – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. J.W. Swanepoel (Assistant Editor) – University of the Free State.
Dr. J. B. Stevens – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. N. R. Diale – Private Consultant, Limpopo Province.
Dr. J. A. van Niekerk – University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Dr. E. M. Zwane – University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province.
Mr. F. J. Marais – Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, Western Cape Province.
Mr. J. B. Stevens – SASAE, Rustenburg, North West Province.
Mr. R H Khwidzhili – University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, Mpumalanga Province.

EDITORIAL ADVISORS / REVIEWERS

Prof. A A Jibowo – University of Swaziland, Swaziland.
Prof. C Msuya – Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania.
Dr. G J O Marincowitz – Consultant (Agricultural Extension), Western Cape.
Dr. P S van Heerden – Consultant, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Dr. Mike W Musa – Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Dr. M Akeredolu – West Africa SAFE Coordinator, Nigeria.
Dr. K E Davis – Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services (GFRAS).
Dr. S F G Yusuf – Walter Sisulu University, Eastern Cape Province.
Ms. M Mbongo – Dept. of Agric. & Rur. Dev., Bloemfontein, Free State Province
Mrs. I Vorster – McCain, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Mr. L de Beer – National Woolgrowers’ Ass., Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape Province.
Mr. P J Olivier – Department of Agriculture, Free State Province.
Mr. J J I Swanepoel – Consultant (Agric. Ext.), Jeffrey’s Bay, Eastern Cape Province.
Mr. T van Rooyen – Langebaan, Western Cape Province.
Ms. T Ngcobo-Ngotho – Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, Gauteng.
Dr. E Muchesa – University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Dr. Yolisa Pakela-Jezile – Agricultural Research Council, Nelspruit, Mpumalanga.
Dr. Precious Tirivanhu – University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Prof. David Afful – University of Limpopo, Limpopo province.
Ms. Loquitur Maka – Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, Gauteng.
Bornman Marlise – Dept. of Agric. & Rur. Dev., Bloemfontein, Limpopo Province.
Jona, Cecilie – University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.

Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché
ISSN 0301-603X
ISSN Electronic 2413-3221

THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Dr. S. E. Terblanché (Editor) – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. J.W. Swanepoel (Assistant Editor) – University of the Free State.
Dr. J. B. Stevens – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. N. R. Diale – Private Consultant, Limpopo Province.
Dr. J. A. van Niekerk – University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Dr. E. M. Zwane – University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province.
Mr. F. J. Marais – Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, Western Cape Province.
Mr. J. B. Stevens – SASAE, Rustenburg, North West Province.
Mr. R H Khwidzhili – University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, Mpumalanga Province. Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché
ISSN 0301-603X
ISSN Electronic 2413-3221

THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Dr. S. E. Terblanché (Editor) – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. J.W. Swanepoel (Assistant Editor) – University of the Free State.
Dr. J. B. Stevens – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. N. R. Diale – Private Consultant, Limpopo Province.
Dr. J. A. van Niekerk – University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Dr. E. M. Zwane – University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province.
Mr. F. J. Marais – Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, Western Cape Province.
Mr. J. B. Stevens – SASAE, Rustenburg, North West Province.
Mr. R H Khwidzhili – University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, Mpumalanga Province.

SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2018 Volume 46 No. 2 Editor: Dr. S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr. J. W. SwanepoelISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221THE EDITORIALSOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2018 Volume 46 No. 2 Editor: Dr. S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr. J. W. SwanepoelISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221THE EDITORIALSOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2018 Volume 46 No. 2 Editor: Dr. S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr. J. W. SwanepoelISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221THE EDITORIAL

SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2018 Volume 46 No. 1 Editor: Dr. S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr. J. W. Swanepoel ISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221 SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2018 Volume 46 No. 1 Editor: Dr. S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr. J. W. Swanepoel ISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221 SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2018 Volume 46 No. 1 Editor: Dr. S. E. TerblanchéAssistant Editor: Dr. J. W. Swanepoel ISSN 0301-603XISSN Electronic 2413-3221

SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2017
Volume 45 No. 2
Editor: Dr. S. E. Terblanché
ISSN 0301-603X
ISSN Electronic 2413-3221

THE EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Dr. S. E. Terblanché (Editor) – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. J. B. Stevens – University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. N. R. Diale – Private Consultant, Limpopo Province.
Dr. J. A. van Niekerk – University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province.
Dr. B. H. Koch – Consultant, Pretoria, Gauteng Province.
Dr. E. M. Zwane – University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province.
Mr. F. J. Marais – Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, Western Cape Province.
Mr. C. Last – Consultant, Rustenburg, North West Province.
Mr. J. B. Stevens (Administrator) – Secretariat, SASAE, Rustenburg, North West Province.